| Project Management Practices & Tools |
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| Overview |
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The Project Management Institute (PMI®) defines the following five primary process areas/groups for project management:
- Initiating - Processes involved with authorizing the project or phase.
- Planning - Processes involved with defining and refining project objectives and selecting the best course of action.
- Executing - Process involved with coordinating people and other resources to carryout the plan.
- Controlling - Process involved with ensuring that project objectives are met by monitoring and measuring performance and taking necessary corrective action.
- Closing - Process involved with formalizing acceptance of the project or phase deliverables and ensuring an orderly end.
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| PMBoK ® Process Areas |
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In addition, further integration of the nine key knowledge areas, defined by PMI® for project management, is necessary to achieve a more seamless project management system.
- Integration Management
- Scope Management
- Schedule Management
- Budget Management
- Quality Management
- Resource Management
- Communication Management
- Risk Management
- Procurement Management
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| Integration Management |
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Integration Management includes the processes required to ensure that the various elements of the project are properly coordinated. It consists of project development, project plan execution and integrated change control.
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| Scope Management |
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Scope Management includes the processes required to ensure that the project includes all of the work required, and only the work required, to achieve a baselined set of project objectives. It consists of initiation, scope planning, definition, verification and change control.
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| Schedule Management |
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Time (Schedule) Management - includes the processes required to ensure timely completion of the project. It consists of activity definition, activity sequencing, activity duration estimating, schedule development and control.
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| Cost (Budget) Management |
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Cost (Budget) Management includes the processes required to ensure that the project is completed within the approved budget parameters. It consists of resource planning, cost estimating, cost budgeting and cost control.
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| Quality Management |
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Quality Management includes the processes required to ensure that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken. It consists of quality planning, assurance and control processes, such as change management.
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| Resource Management |
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Resource Management includes the processes required to make the most effective use of people involved with the project. It consists of organizational planning, staff acquisition, team building and development.
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| Communication Management |
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Communications Management includes the processes required to ensure timely and appropriate generation, stakeholder involvement, dissemination, storage and the ultimate disposition of project information. It consists of communications planning, information distribution, standards and rules development, performance reporting and administrative closure.
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| Risk Management |
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Risk Management includes the processes concerned with identifying analyzing, screening and responding to project risk. It consists of risk management planning, risk identification, analysis, prioritization, screening, response planning, monitoring and control.
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| Procurement Management |
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Procurement Management includes the processes required to acquire goods and services from outside the organization. It consists of procurement planning, solicitation planning, contract development, solicitation, source selection, contract administration and contract closeout.
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