| Stem rust |
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| Puccinia graminis |
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Plant hosts
- Major hosts: Avena sativa (oats), Hordeum vulgare (barley), Secale cereale (rye), Triticum aestivum (wheat), Triticum turgidum (durum wheat)
- Minor hosts: turfgrasses
- Wild hosts: Berberis vulgaris (european barberry), Lolium multiflorum (italian ryegrass)
To view larger image click on picture.
Image from Haruta Ovidiu, University of Oradea, Romania.
Means of movement and dispersal
Plant parts liable to carry the pest in trade and transport.
- Flower parts, leaves and stems carry spores and hyphae that can be born internally or externally. Hyphae can be visible to naked eye.
Plant parts not known to carry the pest in trade and transport
- Bark, bulbs, tubers, corms, rhizomes and fruits.
- Growing medium accompanying plants.
- Seedlings and micropropagated plants.
- Roots.
- Wood.
Symptoms
Pustules hold masses of dark-reddish-brown urediniospores that form on both sides of the leaves, on leaf sheaths, and on spikes or panicles. In early-season or light infections, pustules often are scattered and separate. In late-season or heavy infections, pustules often coalesce. As pustules develop, bubble like blisters form on the surface; they feel rough to the touch. After pustules break through the epidermis, surface tissues look ragged and torn.
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